You receive an appointment letter each term (fall, spring, and summer) through Self Service Banner (SSB). The type of appointment you have been assigned for each term will help to determine whether your payment in that term has taxes taken out at the time of payment. Appointments such as Fellowship, Traineeship, and External Funding (if it's paid through Brown) are all types of "Fellowship payments" and, for U.S. citizens and resident aliens, do not generally have tax taken out at the time of payment and are not reported on any tax form, but may be taxable and reportable at the time of your tax return filing. For non-resident aliens Fellowship, Traineeship, and External Funding (if it’s paid through Brown) are taxed at the time of payment. The tax rate is 14% for Federal and 3.75% for RI Taxes. If non-resident aliens have tax treaty benefits for Fellowship income and have returned the necessary tax forms then no taxes would be deducted from the payment.
Appointments such as Research Assistant, Teaching Assistant, Teaching Fellow, and Proctorship are "Stipend/Wage payments" and are generally taxed at the time of payment. These payments are taxed based on the IRS and State of RI tax tables.
You can reference your payslips (available in Workday) to find out if taxes were taken out at the time of payment.